Natural Vegetation

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Note: This is contributed by Sameera, a student of OnlineIAS. 

 N.Kalyana Chakravarthy
NATURAL VEGITATION
1.       FACTORS EFFECTING NV
TEMPERATURE                             
AVERAGE MONTHLY TEMPERATURE 6®C
RAINFALL
HYGROPHILOUS, XEROPHYLOUS
SOIL

ALTITUDE

WIND

SLOPE
LEEWARD , WINDWARD
SUNLIGHT
SUPPLYING CHLOROPHYLL
2.       CLASSIFICATION
TROPICAL EVERGREEN /RAIN FOREST                   
RAIN FALL
TEMPERATURE
TREES
200CM
®C TO 27®C
·         MAHOGANY
·         BAMBOO
·         IVORY WOOD
·         EBONY
·         RUBBER TREES

LITTORAL /SWAMP/TIDAL FOREST
PRESTN ALONG DELTAS LIKE
·         GANGA
·         MAHANADI
·         GODAVARI
·         KRISHNA
·         SUNDARNAB DELTA
TEMPERATURE
TREES
DRY TROPICAL FOREST
RAIN FALL
TEMPERATURE
TREES
90 TO 130CM
23®C TO 27®C
·         TEAK
·         ROSEWOOD
·         AXLE WOOD
·         BABUL THORN
·         KHERJA
·         NEEM
®C TO 27®C
·         MAHOGANY
·         BAMBOO
·         IVORY WOOD
·         EBONY
·         RUBBER TREES
RIPARIAN FOREST
RAIN FALL
TREES
LESS THAN 50CM
·         NEEM
·         SHISHAM
·         PIPAL
·         BABUL
·         TAMARIND

SUBTROPICAL BROAD LEAVED HILL FOREST
PRESENT IN
·         BASTAR
·         PACHMARI
·         PALNI HILLS
·         KHASI HILLS
DUE TO EVERGREEN TREES IN SOUTH IT IS CALLED SHOLA FOREST.

MONTANA WET TEMPRATURE FOREST
AT HEIGHT
RF
STATES
TREES
1800 TO 3000M
150 TO 300CM
·         KERALA
·         TAMIL NADU
·         EASTERN HIMALAYAS
·         OAKS
·         MANGOLIA
·         CHILAUNI
·         BIRCH
·         PLUM
·         MICHILUS
·         DEODAR
·         HEMLOCK

ALPINE FOREST
AT A HEIGHT
TREES
2,880 TO 3,700M
DWARF SHRUBS OF
·         JUMPER
·         FIR
·         PINE
·         BIRCH
·         RHODODENDRANS

WILD LIFE
1.       INDIA IS DIVIDED INTO
1.       ECOLOGICAL SUB-REGION
THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAIN SYSTEM
THE HIMALAYAN  FOOTHILLS
THE HIMALAYAN(HIGH ALTITUDE REGION)
WESTERN HIMALAYAS
2.       THE PENINSULAR SUB REGION
PENINSULAR INDIA TO GANGA BASIN
WESTERN HIMALAYAS
3.       TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST/ INDO-MALAYAN SUB REGION
·         HAVE HEAVY RAIN FALL
·         HOLLYHOCK GIBBONS(ONLY APE FOUND IN INDIA)
·         GOLDEN LANGUOR
·         CAPPED LANGUOR/ LEAF MONKEY
4.       ANDOMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS
·         75% OF TOTAL MAMMALS PRESENT
BIRDS- 
·         NARCONDUM HORNBILL
·         NICOBAR PEGEON
·         MEGA POD
·         MANGROVE SWAMPS OF SUNDARBANS
WILD LIFE CONSERVATION PROGRAMS
INDIAN BOARD FOR WILD LIFE(IBWL)
HEADED BY PRIME MINISTER
WILDLIGE (PROTECTION) ACT 1972
  
CENTRAL ZOO AUTHORITY
·         ESTABLISHED IN 1992
·         HEADQUARTE NEW DELHI
CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES.
WILDLIFE INSTITUTE OF INDIA
·         ESTABLISHED IN 1982
·         IT WORK UNDER MINISTERY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST
NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK
·         NEW DELHI
·         NAGARJUNASAGER TIGER RESERVES IN ANDHRA PRADESH IS THE LARGEST TIGER RESERVE
·         PENCH IN MAHARASHTRA IS THE SMALEST TIGER RESERVE
·         BANDIPUR IN KARNATAK IS THE FIRST TIGER RESERVE
WILDLIFE RESERVES IN INDIA
NAME
LOCATED
ANIMALS
BALPAKRAM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
GARO HILLS- MEGHALAYA
·         TIGERS
·         ELEPHANTS
·         BISON
BANDIPUR SANCTUARY
KARNATAK- TAMILNADU BORDER
·         TIGERS
·         ELEPHANTS
·         BEARS
·         SAMBHARS
·         PANTHERS
·         DEER
CORBET NATIONAL PARK
UTARAKHAND
·         ELEPHANT
·         CHITAS
·         SAMBHARS
·         NILGAI
·         SLOTH BEAR
DUDWA NATIONAL PARK
LAKHIMPURE KHERI(UP)
·         TIGER
·         NILGAI
·         SAMBHAR
·         PANTHER
GHANA BIRD SANCTUARY
BHARATPUR RAJASTHAN
·         WATER BIRDS
·         SIBERIAN CRANES
·         STORKS
·         HERONS
·         SPOONBILLS
·         TEALS
HAZARIBAGH NATIONAL PARK
HAZIRIBAGH-JHARKHAND
·         LEOPARDS
·         TIGERS
·         SAMBHAR
·         CHITA
JAALDAPARA SANCTUARY
WEST BENGAL
·         INDIAN RHINOCEROS
KANHA NATIONAL PARK
MADHYA PRADESH
·         PANTHER
·         TIGERS
·         NILGAI
·         ANLETOPE
·         BARKING DEER
MADUMALAI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
NILGIR-TAMIL NADU
·         ELEPHANT
·         DEER
·          PIGS
NAMDAPHA NATIONAL PARK
JIRAP- ARUNACHAL PRADESH
·         ELPHANTS
·         TIGERS
PALAMA TIGER RESERVES
DALTENGANJ-JHAKHAND
·         ELEPHANT
·         LEOPARD
·         PANTHER
PARKAL
WARANGAL
·         TIGER
·         PANTHER
·         NILGAI
·         CHITAS
PERIYAR SANCTUARY
IDUKKI-KERALA
·         TIGER
·         PANTHER
·         ELEPHANTS
·         SAMBHARS
·         GAURS
·         WILD BOAR
RANGANTHITOO BIRD SANCTUARY
RIVER CAUVERI
MANY BIRD SPECIES
SHIVPURI NATIONAL PARK
SHIVEPURI-MADHYA PRADESH
BIRDS AND ANIMALS
SUNDARBANS TIGER RESSERVES
SUNDERBAN- WEST BENGAL
·         WILD BEAR
·         CROCODILE
·         DEER
VEDANTHANGAL BIRD SANCTUARY
ARTIFICIAL LAKE-TAMIL NADU

WILD ASS SANCTUARY
RANN OF KUTCH-GUJARAT
·         WILD ASS
·         WOLVES
·         CHINKARAS
·         NILGAIS